Borkum Riffgrund 2
First German offshore wind farm with 8 MW turbines and suction bucket jacket foundations. Ørsted (formerly DONG Energy) took the build decision in June 2016 under Germany's EEG 2014 market premium.
Status
Operationallifecycle stage
Ownership
Location
GermanyNorth Sea
Technology
Capacity
450 MW ◆
Turbines
56 × 8 MW ◆
Model
Mhi Vestas V164 8-0 ◆
Foundation
Jacket+Monopile ◆
Site & conditions
Site rights
Seabed rights held ∴
Origination
DONG Energy · 2011 ◆
Water depth
24–28 m ≈
Distance from shore
57 km ◆
Wind speed
9.8 m/s @ 100 m ≈
Revenue & grid
Offtake
FiT ◆
Grid
Secured · 2018-Q3 ◆
Connection
TenneT DolWin3 (DolWin gamma) HVDC (320kV cable to Dorpen/West) ◆
Schedule
FID
24 Jun 2016 ◆
COD
Dec 2018 ◆
Project timeline & ownership verified milestones on the spine · ownership from Hafrok’s transactions record
Origination · 2011-12
Party of record at origination
- Awarded to
- DONG Energy
- Holder
- PNE2 Riff II GmbH
- Basis
- permit / concession holder
Permit holder: PNE2 Riff II GmbH — held by DONG Energy per the record's source 'dong-pne-borkum-riffgrund-buyout-2009'. BSH Planfeststellungsbeschluss Borkum Riffgrund 2, 5 Oct 2016, reciting the history: Genehmigungsbescheid vom 30.12.2011; 'Am 23.01.2012 wurde die Änderung der Firma von PNE2 Riff II GmbH mit Sitz in Cuxhaven zu DONG Energy Borkum Riffgrund II GmbH mit Sitz in Hamburg in das Handelsregister … eingetragen.' — PNE's SPV held the permit at origination; the PNE → DONG transfer is not yet a recorded deal. Owner: DONG bought PNE's 50% of Borkum Riffgrund 2 in December 2009, two years BEFORE the 30.12.2011 permit — so the permit-holding SPV PNE2 Riff II GmbH was DONG's at grant (renamed DONG Energy Borkum Riffgrund II GmbH 23.01.2012). No recorded deal: the 2009 buy-out predates the origination station.
From the auction results — the round that created the project.
Farmdown · 2017-08
Ørsted → GIP 50%
- Stake
- 50%
- Consideration
- not disclosed
- Announced
- 2017-08
- Closed
- 2017-12
- Project stage
- under construction
Ørsted sold 50% to GIP for total consideration ~EUR 1,170m. However, headline includes both equity purchase price AND GIP's commitment to fund 50% of remaining EPC payments. Announced 7 August 2017; financial close December 2017. Commissioned 2019. Ørsted retained 50% and operational control. EUR 1,170 million', payable 2017-2019.
Evidence
From Hafrok’s transactions record
Secondary trade · 2020-07
GIP → Gulf Energy Development 50%
- Stake
- 50%
- Consideration
- €548m
- Implied 100% value
- €1,096m
- Implied
- €2.44m / MW
- Announced
- 2020-07
- Closed
- 2020-09
- Project stage
- operational
Gulf International Holding (subsidiary of Thailand-listed Gulf Energy Development) acquired GIP's full 50% stake in the operational wind farm. Total investment ~EUR 548m (also reported as USD 618-629m). Announced July 2020, completed September 2020. Ørsted retained 50%. Pure equity secondary trade on operational asset.
Evidence
From Hafrok’s transactions record
Secondary trade · 2022-08
Gulf Energy Development → Keppel Corporation / Keppel Infrastructure Trust 25%
- Stake
- 25%
- Consideration
- €305m
- Implied 100% value
- €1,220m
- Implied
- €2.71m / MW
- Announced
- 2022-08
- Closed
- 2022-12
- Project stage
- operational
Gulf Energy sold ~25% of BRG2 to Keppel Corporation and Keppel Infrastructure Trust for EUR 305m. Gulf divested 50% of its SPV (BKR2 Investor Holding), resulting in Keppel acquiring effective ~25% of wind farm. Post-transaction: Ørsted 50%, Gulf 25%, Keppel ~25%. Announced August 2022, completed Q4 2022.
Evidence
- keppel.com — Keppel Corporation and Keppel Infrastructure Trust to jointly invest in German offshore wind farm ↗ 2022-08 ◆ held
From Hafrok’s transactions record
Dashed tick marks today (9 Sep 2026). The teal diamond on the spine is origination — the seabed award or round that created the project. Every other ownership event lives in the band below: one station per recorded deal, dated at its label, in deal order rather than to calendar scale. Secondary trades appear only at the interchanges; grey lines are parties whose entry or exit Hafrok’s record does not hold.
Announced-COD history: 2019-H1→2019 · 2 recorded revisions · held (announced 2019-H1, unchanged)
Revenue & offtake the regime the project was built under
Offtake regime on record
RegimeEEG 2014 market premium mechanism (guaranteed feed-in tariff / floor price until 2038)
InstrumentFiT
A built project sells its power under the contract or support regime it was financed with; it is not expected to bid into new government offtake rounds. Where the record does not yet name that regime, the row says so rather than guessing.
Installation how the build is going · from satellite counts and Hafrok’s registers
Satellite survey
the farm as it stands, counted from satellite radar images · built before the count began, so there is no build to chart
Satellite survey
Structures standing57≈56 turbines + 2 platforms expected · 1 fewer than expected — a position the survey missed
Surveyed2026-09-01≈from 118 satellite passes
Built2018 → 2018-12offshore construction to start of operation, from the record
Hafrok counts the structures standing in the sea from satellite radar images (≈) and reads the count against the turbines and platforms on record. The farm was built before this count began, so the images show it complete; they cannot date its construction. Rows marked with a dot (·) come from Hafrok’s own registers.
Satellite image
Image taken2026-09-06≈Copernicus Sentinel-1 radar satellite, southbound pass · 1 newer pass skipped because the satellite’s track only caught part of the farm (the best of them 4%)
Farm covered100%≈the whole farm lies inside the image
Structures ringed57 confirmed · 0 not yet confirmed≈as counted on 2026-09-01 · the image is newer than the count, so a bright spot without a ring may be a structure not yet counted
Construction ports
PortEemshaven ◆·marshalling · quay 5000 m · crane 50 t · draft 14 m
Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2026, processed by ESA and by Microsoft Planetary Computer.
Latest satellite radar image · 2026-09-06
a radar picture, not a photograph: the sea is dark, steel is bright · black is beyond the edge of the image
confirmed structure (57)seen recently, not yet confirmed (0)probably a substation platform (a larger structure than a turbine; the register above has the facts)farm boundary
Grid connection
from Hafrok’s substation, converter and cable registers
Offshore platforms · 2
Offshore substationBorkum Riffgrund 2 Offshore Substation·in service 2018 · owner Ørsted / Global Infrastructure Partners (50/50 wind farm owners; farm-owned platform)
HVDC systemDolWin3·900 MW · ±320 kV · in service 2018-Q3 · shared with Merkur Offshore
Converter supplierGE Vernova (contracted as Alstom Grid; became GE Grid Solutions / GE Grid GmbH)·DolWin3 · Nordic Yards, Warnemünde (Germany) — first steel cut 9 October 2014 · for TenneT
Grid connection · ready in time?
when each part of the grid connection is due, against the start date the developer states (black line) · a bar spans the whole year, quarter or month the source gives
installed or in serviceexpected deliveryearlier date that was later moved
Sources & verification
12/18 fields verified · rests on 16 sources (13 primary) · ◆ 9 documents held
◆Verified≈Modelled◇Sourced∴Inferred⌁Convention○Unverified∅No source·Derived
Numbers are stable citation ids — grouped by source class, so they are not consecutive.
Regulator2
[1]
Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH)2016-10-05◆ Planfeststellungsbeschluss Offshore-Wind…
"Planfeststellungsbeschluss … BSH Az.: 5111/Borkum Riffgrund 2/PFV/M5310 Hamburg, den 05.10.2016 … mit (1) 56 (sechsundfünfzig) Windenergieanlagen … Gründungsstrukturen: 36 Monopiles (im Folgenden: MP…
supportsConsentTurbinesTotal capacityFoundationStatus+2 more
[21]
Bundesnetzagentur — Marktstammdatenregister2026-08-23◆ Marktstammdatenregister (MaStR) offshore…
“Park row "Borkum Riffgrund 2": 56 units, 464.8 MW gross, statuses {'In Betrieb': 56}, operators ['Borkum Riffgrund 2 Offshore Wind Farm GmbH ＆ Co. oHG'], commissioned 2018-08-04..2018-11-08, planned N…”
supportsRegister entry
Operator7
[2]
Ørsted A/S2015-06-10◆ MHI Vestas Offshore Wind’s V164-8.0MW tu…
“MHI Vestas Offshore Wind has been chosen by DONG Energy as preferred supplier for the proposed delivery of the V164-8.0MW wind turbine for the Borkum Riffgrund 2 Offshore Wind Farm in Germany … Borkum…”
supportsModelUnit capacityTotal capacityDistance from shore
[3]
Ørsted A/S2015-08-24◆ DONG Energy signs agreement with MHI Ves…
“DONG Energy … and MHI Vestas Offshore Wind have signed an agreement covering the delivery of the V164-8.0MW wind turbine to the Borkum Riffgrund 2 Offshore Wind Farm in Germany … Borkum Riffgrund 2 ha…”
supportsModelUnit capacityTotal capacityStatusConnection point+1 more
[4]
Ørsted A/S2016-06-24◆ DONG Energy to build German offshore win…
"DONG Energy has decided to build the German offshore wind farm Borkum Riffgrund 2 … Borkum Riffgrund 2 will have a total export capacity of 450MW, and will feature the largest wind turbines in German…
supportsFinal investment decisionTurbinesModelUnit capacityTotal capacity
[8]
Keppel Corporation2022-08-12◆ Keppel Corporation and Keppel Infrastruc…
"BKR2 operates under the German EEG 2014 market premium mechanism, which has an attractive Feed-in-Tariff and guaranteed floor price till 2038 … fully operational since 2019 … operating capacity of ap…
supportsCommercial operationMechanismDetail
[13]
[18]
Ørsted A/S2017-08◆ DONG Energy divests 50% of Borkum Riffgr…
“DONG Energy has entered into an agreement to sell 50% of Borkum Riffgrund 2, a 450 megawatt (MW) German offshore wind farm project, to Global Infrastructure Partners (GIP). Borkum Riffgrund 2 is curre…”
supportsCOD history
[19]
Ørsted A/S2018◆ Orsted — orsted annual report 2018
“In 2018, we reached significant milestones in our ambitious green strategy. … and in Germany, we commissioned Borkum Riffgrund 2 in December. All were commissioned ahead of schedule …”
supportsCommercial operation
OEM1
[11]
Vestas (MHI Vestas Offshore Wind)2018-09-03◆ MHI Vestas Installs Final Turbine at Bor…
"MHI Vestas … installed the last of 56 V164-8.0 MW wind turbines at Borkum Riffgrund 2 … 57 km off the northwest coast of Germany … completed ahead of schedule." ... MHI Vestas Offshore Wind is celebr…
supportsOffshore constructionSite rightsTurbinesModelUnit capacity+1 more
Trade press6
[9]
Offshore Wind Biz2018-08-06
Press report — cited, not quoted; read it at the source link.
supportsFirst powerTurbinesUnit capacityTotal capacityFoundation+2 more
[10]
[14]
offshoreWIND.biz2022-08
Press report — cited, not quoted; read it at the source link.
supportsoperatorowner
[15]
[16]
[17]